Free Essays on Huckleberry Finn

Twain, through this novel, uncovers a kid's introduction into masculinity. Huck's presence on the pontoon instructs him about existence as it truly may be. At whatever point he goes on shore, he sees the pitilessness of society furthermore, man's brutality to his individual man. At the point when he comes back to the pontoon, he feels the tranquility of nature what's more, the respectability of the dark slave that shares his excursion. Southern culture has instructed Huck that slaves are sub-human animals without any emotions, just a bit of property to be purchased and sold. Toward the start of the novel, Huck gets tied up with this theory beyond a shadow of a doubt. He can hardly imagine how he is helping a nigger break to opportunity. It is against all that he has been instructed (and he knows Tom Sawyer would never do it.) Huck is stunned to discover that Jim thinks profoundly about his family, similarly as a white individual thinks about his (and more than Pap at any point thought about Huck.) He is considerably increasingly astounded that Jim can have his emotions hurt at the point when Huck pulls a prank on him. He never accepted that Blacks had emotions. In any case, each time that Huck goes on shore, he loses a portion of his honesty; he starts to comprehend the bad faith of society. He sees the Grangerfords murdered by the Shephardsons, and he sees the Duke and Dauphin effectively hoodwink the townspeople out of their cash. Naturally, Huck understands that Jim is smarter and worth more than a considerable lot of the white individuals on shore. At the point when he is compelled to settle on a choice about turning Jim in or remaining by him, Huck chooses not to double-cross his companion, regardless of whether it is against all that he has been instructed by society and regardless of whether he goes to damnation for it. Before the finish of the novel, Huck knows without a doubt than he can't fit into the cultivated lifestyle or participate in the false reverence of society. He realizes himself all around ok to acknowledge he should proceed onward. Accordingly, toward the finish of the novel, he sets out for new terrains toward the west, looking for a spot that offers truth and freedom.... Free Essays on Huckleberry Finn Free Essays on Huckleberry Finn The Illustrious Huckleberry Finn The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Samuel Clemens is not the slightest bit a supremacist bit of writing. Its creator is not the slightest bit a bigot; he’s a remarkable inverse. Some accept the book should be restricted from school’s required understanding records and libraries. These discussions happen because of the depiction of one of the book’s characters Jim, a dark flee slave that becomes a close acquaintence with Huck through his experiences down the stream. Since Jim’s character is depicted as an uneducated â€Å"nigger† a few people have viewed this portrayal as bigot. I state, in any case, that the books primary objective was to alarm individuals of prejudice, and Clemens was simply remaining exact to the time in which the story happens. Jim is delineated as a slave in the south during a period when servitude was a usually rehearsed and broadly acknowledged lifestyle. Slaves in the mid 1800’s were not given any conventional training, never permitted any free idea and were continually abused and mishandled. The creator is just depicting how an undereducated slave talked back then and is giving an exact depiction of society’s attitude during this timeframe. Truth be told, Clemens’ message about blacks during this time was a flat out absolute opposite of prejudice. While Jim might be unlearned, he is the main character in the book that really comprehends loving. His ethics stay pristine all through the experiences, and he turns into a dad figure for Huck. Clemens utilizes the term â€Å"nigger† all through the book. However just through his characters lingo and not voluntarily is Jim ever alluded to as a â€Å"nigger.† He is only outlining the obliviousness of individuals in this time. The utilization of nigger is definitely an extremely libelous slang term that isn't socially adequate in present occasions. It is a word that holds nothing of significant worth for any dark American. The word’s importance is expressed by Funk and Wagn... Free Essays on Huckleberry Finn One may ask why Mark Twain would decide to compose an abolitionist novel somewhere in the range of twenty years after the finish of the Civil War. By the mid 1880s, Reconstruction, the arrangement to put the United States back together after the war and incorporate liberated slaves into society, had hit some unstable ground, despite the fact that it had not yet flopped out and out (that wouldn't happen until 1887, three years after the distribution of Huck Finn). In any case, as Twain chipped away at his novel, race relations, which appeared to be on a positive way in the years following the Civil War, by and by got stressed; Jim Crow laws, intended to confine the intensity of blacks in the South, started another, guileful exertion to persecute. Twain settled on an incredible choice when he decided to portray a framework that did not exist anymore, while doing so could simply lead the unsympathetic peruser to guarantee that things had improved for blacks. One approach to examine this choice is to peruse servitude as a figurative portrayal of the state of blacks in the United States considerably after the annulment of bondage. Similarly as subjugation puts the respectable and good Jim heavily influenced by the white man, regardless of how corrupted that white man might be, so too did the more guileful prejudice that emerged close to the furthest limit of Reconstruction abuse dark men for unreasonable and dishonest reasons. Be that as it may, the new bigotry of the South, less organized and solid, was likewise significantly less simple to investigate. Subjugation was an extreme practice to legitimize; yet when white Southerners established supremacist laws or strategies under a pronounced rationale of self-preservation against recently liberated blacks, far less individuals, Northern or Southern, considered the to be as shameless. In uncovering the bad faith of subjugation, Twain showed how bigotry mutilates the oppressors as much as it does the individuals who are mistreated. Similarly as the South has never altogether gotten away from the heritage of servitude, this topic, verbalized so unpretentiously by Twain at such an early time, has kept on quickening Southern writ... Free Essays on Huckleberry Finn Twain, through this novel, uncovers a kid's introduction into masculinity. Huck's presence on the pontoon trains him about existence as it truly seems to be. At whatever point he goes on shore, he sees the remorselessness of society also, man's cruelty to his individual man. At the point when he comes back to the pontoon, he feels the tranquility of nature what's more, the honorability of the dark slave that shares his excursion. Southern culture has instructed Huck that slaves are sub-human animals without any sentiments, just a bit of property to be purchased and sold. Toward the start of the novel, Huck becomes tied up with this reasoning beyond a shadow of a doubt. He can hardly imagine how he is helping a nigger getaway to opportunity. It is against all that he has been instructed (and he knows Tom Sawyer would never do it.) Huck is astonished to discover that Jim thinks profoundly about his family, similarly as a white individual thinks about his (and more than Pap at any point thought about Huck.) He is considerably progressively stunned that Jim can have his sentiments hurt at the point when Huck pulls a prank on him. He never accepted that Blacks had sentiments. In any case, each time that Huck goes on shore, he loses a portion of his blamelessness; he starts to comprehend the bad faith of society. He sees the Grangerfords murdered by the Shephardsons, and he sees the Duke and Dauphin effectively trick the townspeople out of their cash. Intuitively, Huck understands that Jim is smarter and worth more than a significant number of the white individuals on shore. At the point when he is compelled to settle on a choice about turning Jim in or remaining by him, Huck chooses not to deceive his companion, regardless of whether it is against all that he has been educated by society and regardless of whether he goes to hellfire for it. Before the finish of the novel, Huck knows without a doubt than he can't fit into the edified lifestyle or participate in the false reverence of society. He realizes himself all around ok to acknowledge he should proceed onward. Subsequently, toward the finish of the novel, he sets out for new grounds toward the west, looking for a spot that offers truth and freedom.... Free Essays on Huckleberry Finn Odd notions in Huckleberry Finn In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, there is a ton of strange notion. A few instances of strange notion in the novel are Huck slaughtering an insect which is misfortune, the hair-ball utilized to tell fortunes, and the clatter snake skin Huck contacts that brings Huck and Jim great and misfortune. Odd notion assumes a significant job in the novel Huck Finn. In Chapter one Huck sees an insect creeping up his shoulder, so he flipped it off and it went into the fire of the light. Prior to he could get it out, it was at that point withered. Huck didn't require anybody to reveal to him that it was an awful sign and would give him terrible karma. Huck got frightened and shook his garments away, and turned in his tracks multiple times. He then attached a lock of his hair with a string to fend the witches off. You do that when you've lost a horseshoe that you've found, rather than nailing it up over the entryway, yet I hadn't ever heard anyone state it was any approach to keep of misfortune when you'd executed a spider.(Twain 5). In part four Huck sees Pap's impressions in the day off. So Huck goes to Jim to ask him for what reason Pap is here. Jim gets this show on the road hair-ball that is the size of a clench hand that he took from a bull's stomach. Jim asks the hair-ball; Why is Pap here? Be that as it may, the hair-ball won't answer. Jim says it needs cash, so Huck gives Jim a fake quarter. Jim puts the quarter under the hair-ball. The hair-ball converses with Jim also, Jim reveals to Huck that it says. Yo'ole father doan' know yit what he's a-gwyne to do. Now and then he spec he'll go 'way, en lair ag'in he spec he'll remain. De bes' way is tores' simple en let de ole man take his own particular manner. Dey's two edges hoverin' roun' 'session him. One uv'em is white en sparkling, en t'other one is dark. De white one gits him to go right a short time, d

Barriers to love Essays

Obstructions to cherish Essays Obstructions to cherish Paper Obstructions to cherish Paper Paper Topic: Writing The Scrutiny and Other Poems The Sonnets of John Milton The verse assortment gives us a bunch of instances of what number of need to confront boundaries to adore †a portion of our speakers battle, while many demonstrate love to be an indestructible power, for the most part observed by essayists during the previous periods who followed progressively conventional qualities, having faith in an all the more dignified style love, for example, Shakespeare in Sonnet 116. In any case, later on, for instance in the Victorian time frame, as conventions self-destructed and certain hindrances got more grounded than affection, individuals had lost confidence, for example, Remember. In the interim, in Atonement, McEwan takes us on an excursion through the affection for Robbie and Cecilia who figure out how to beat physical partition that many looked as of now because of the World War. He depicts a practical, yet solid association, demonstrating that even in the Modern occasions, love can beat hindrances. In the hour of the sixteenth century, during the Renaissance, when Shakespeare broadly distributed his assortment of works †including Sonnet 116 †boundaries to cherish were nearly observed as immaterial. Post plague, Shakespeare might be offering plan to the individuals who needed to clutch convention and religion, as the Renaissance denoted a period of new thoughts and a development away from the ordinary thoughts around adoration, which could be a lot of the same McEwan as in Robbie and Cecilia’s love was not gotten through the war times. In Sonnet 116, love can defeat all; at first, Shakespeare reinforces love by naming the sonnet after the structure it takes: a poem. Everything about this sonnet speaks to love, and nothing can hinder its, not even ‘tempests’, demonstrating how ground-breaking it is and how it can even conquer powers of nature. Society makes no limits as far as adoration inside this sonnet; the utilization of the representation of the ‘star’ connotes how love isn't confined and can be seen by all. In conclusion, we see Shakespeare joining representation to outline the unfading part of adoration and how it conquers the hindrance of time: ‘Love isn't Times Foole’. Obviously obstructions of adoration are believed to be effectively vanquished, as McEwan additionally depicts in his novel that endeavors to feature Modern Age love, consolidating practical situations, for example, the clumsiness in the library, and the issues looked because of war. Numerous lives were lost, and the narrative of Robbie and Cecilia could be viewed as a disaster, as we find they kick the bucket toward the end. In any case, our storyteller Briony permits their adoration to rise above death and live on through utilization of metafiction: ‘the darlings endure and flourish’, and on paper they do. Notwithstanding, McEwan highlights reality and how at times, we can lose the ones we love and there is no way around it. Religion was a serious deal preceding the Renaissance, however when science and new thoughts became an integral factor, their started addressing of the holy places authority. William Blake investigates how the congregation turns into the power that forestalls love and guiltlessness in his sonnet: ‘The Garden of Love’. Much similar John Milton’s renowned ‘Paradise Lost’, the sonnet sees religion in a basic way, suggesting a need to move away from regular Christian show. His utilization of ‘Thou will not’ is a type of etymological deviation to conjure a Biblical tone, and nearly derides the 10 precepts and considers religion to be a refusal of everything †even love itself. God, depicted as kind, has permitted ‘priests in dark gowns’, with dark meaning antagonism, to walk their ‘rounds’ and watch us †not all that cherishing all things considered. Our speaker utilizes inside rhyme to feature how his ‘desires’ are allegorically ‘binding with briars’, giving us a feeling that doing the things that you love bring about discipline. Here, adoration is confronted with a boundary that society has pushed onto individuals and Blake is obviously attempting to, alongside Milton, become mindful of this. In the interim, in Atonement, the possibility of status can be a boundary to cherish, for Robbie and Cecilia, however Jack and Emily as well. For higher classes, separate was disapproved of, so albeit Emily ‘did not wish to be told’ about Jack and his nonattendance, there was very little she could do. In the interim, Robbie and Cecilia had ‘known each other since they were seven’, yet she asserted ‘everything he did expected to separate her’ in light of the fact that he took off his shoes to avoid dirtying the floor. Unmistakably, there was pressure because of differing status, keeping the two separated for such a long time. Along these lines, an unmistakable boundary to cherish, and from proceeding onward to keep on adoring, is status in Modern occasions. At long last, we have the Scrutiny, composed by Richard Lovelace, who investigates the obstruction to adore: desire and the need to extend skylines as far as being with others. During the time, he, much indistinguishable different artists, for example, Donne, went to carpe diem verse. For the speaker, he ‘must all other Beauties’ †utilizing goals to imply the significance of experience before settling down. The unlimited open doors he has allegorically pushes him to turn into a ‘skilful mineralist’, speaking to his need to gather an assortment of things (ladies). Weariness had nearly become a boundary to cherish, just as narrow-mindedness. Then, we can comparably observe that Jack, in Atonement, has too exploited different alternatives and has taken to undermine his better half. We likewise observe Lola wedding her ‘rapist’, inferring that self-centeredness, yet disgrace can be an obstruction to adore because of the narrow-mindedness of others. Generally speaking, hindrances of affection are seen to both inconsequential, and furthermore extraordinary. Romantic tales turned out to be ever harder to compose, and McEwan has overseen, by setting his novel toward the start of the twentieth century, where numerous hindrances must be confronted, and love was tested by war, detachment of families and couples, and the battles of status and decisions of society. In this way, he has demonstrated that it is so natural to adore in the 21st century, and how conceivably love is a lot more fragile as it doesn't need to conquer any noteworthy hindrances, consequently why 42% of relationships end in separate. The sonnets can investigate numerous hindrances to cherish, and various methodologies are taken on: conventional love that beats all, affection that is taken by new thoughts, for example, the congregation, and a progressively narrow minded and pompous interpretation of adoration.

Trileptal Side Effects in Bipolar Disorder

Trileptal Side Effects in Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Print Trileptal Side Effects in Bipolar Disorder Common and Serious Side Effects and Comparison to Its Sister Drug By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 11, 2020 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights PM Images / Getty Images Trileptal, generic name oxcarbazepine, is an anti-seizure medication that is sometimes used to treat bipolar disorder â€" although its effectiveness is still somewhat unclear. Like any medication, there are potential side effects. Lets review these possible side effects so you feel prepared if starting this medication. Common Side Effects Common side effects are ones that are most frequently seen in people who take Trileptal. According to the FDA, common side effects of Trileptal include: DizzinessSleepinessDouble vision or other problems with visionFeeling tiredNausea and/or vomitingAtaxiaStomach painTremblingRashInfections â€" especially in children Likewise, in a 2011 review study in the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews on the use of Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) in people with bipolar disorder, the most frequent side effects reported were dizziness, sedation, and blurry vision. Serious Side Effects One serious side effect of Trileptal is that it can cause the sodium in your blood to be low, a condition called hyponatremia. According to the FDA, symptoms of hyponatremia include nausea, low energy, headache, confusion, or seizures. It seems that people are most at risk of developing low sodium in their blood in the first 12 weeks of taking Trileptal. Another potential serious side effect is an allergic reaction. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may or may not include a rash, swelling of the face, eyes, lips, or tongue, or problems breathing. Serious and potentially fatal rashes can occur as a result of taking Trileptal, like Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Trileptal can also affect the liver and blood cells. Symptoms or signs of these side effects may include yellowing of the skin or eyes, unusual bruising or bleeding, severe fatigue or weakness, severe muscle pain, or frequent infections or infections that dont go away. Finally, similar to other anti-seizure medications, Trileptal may lead to thoughts or actions of suicide, This side effect is rare, occurring in about 1 in 500 people, according to the FDA. That being said, seek emergency medical attention or call 911 if you experience this side effect. Do Trileptal and Tegretol Have Similar Side Effects? Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) is an analog to Tegretol (carbamazepine), meaning they share a similar chemical structure. Both are anti-seizure medications and Tegretol (carbamazepine) is also used sometimes to treat bipolar disorder. While they have similar side effect profiles, there are some subtle differences, according to a 2011 review study in the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews. For instance, a rash is less common with oxcarbazepine than with carbamazepine. Still, about a third of people who are allergic to carbamazepine are also allergic to oxcarbazepine. So please tell your doctor if you have had an allergic reaction before to Tegretol (carbamazepine). Also, hyponatremia may be more common in people who take oxcarbazepine versus carbamazepine, especially if that person is older and has a low blood sodium level at baseline. What to Do If You Experience Side Effects From Taking Trileptal First and foremost, never start or stop a medication without first seeing your physician. Also, be sure to follow up with your physician once you are prescribed a medication. Its also important to know that other side effects not listed above may occur in some people. This is not intended to be an all-inclusive list or to replace information provided by your personal doctor. If you notice any other side effects or have any concerns when taking Trileptal, please check in with your doctor.

Theme Of Cruelty In Classical Mythology - 923 Words

In classical mythology we encounter numerous myths that contain god and human interaction however, in these myths we clearly see the same concept of cruelty repeat itself. We not only see gods being cruel to humans but to other gods as well. Although they were deities they contained human qualities such as their violence and jealousy, these gods had no set of morals and believed themselves better than others. This theme of cruelty is exemplified in numerous myths such as Niobe, Arachne and as well as Heracles. Although their acts of cruelty were unfair and irrational they were justified in the end because of their superiority. This cruelty of the gods shows us that the Greeks believed they were better than others because although these†¦show more content†¦Although both these stories consist of mortals boasting that they are better than the gods they received vigorous punishment which shows us the excessive power gods had on humans and their acts of cruelty. In addition, go ds were not only cruel and violent to humans but to other gods as well. We see the same acts of violence and irrationalaty in the myth of Heracles where the concept of cruelty is exemplified as well. Hercules was the son of Zeus however, once Hera Zeus’ wife found out of this â€Å"illegitimate† child she was exasperated and sought out to destroy him (The Life of Hercules in Myth Legend). From the moment he was about to be born she tried to stop him from even existing however failed. Despite the fact that he still was a baby she tried killing him and failed once more, yet kept on trying to destroy his life as we see throughout his story. As Hercules grew up to be a strong and influential man Hera had noticed and devised for him to lose his popularity among the humans. This scheme consisted of her deranging him so that he could kill all his children and his wife as well. However, the people forgave him and this led her to scheme against him once more by driving him mad and making him kill his best friend Iphitus. As a result of Hera’s jealousy and lust for vengeance Hercules was remembered as a heroic figureShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the Romantic Movement929 Words   |  4 Pagesrevolution in France (Greenblatt 1412). Although politics played a large role in shaping the Romantic Era, it was also largely about â€Å"the recovery from obscurity of the medieval romances, previously ignored by literary historians more concerned with classical influences† (Greenblatt 1412). Romantics wrote stories of imagination, love, chivalry, nature, and adventure. A couple poets who greatly influenced this literary movement were William Blake and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. 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Such a reading brings together Renaissance attitud es to the revivification of classical mythology in the context of Christian neo-platonic doctrine, reinforces our expectations concerning the Shakespearean love ethic which, in the world of the comedies, ideally â€Å"looks not with the eyes but with the mind,† and attains contemporary pungencyRead MoreEssay on Mythology1840 Words   |  8 PagesMythology The origin of the universe can be explained by modern astronomers and astrophysicists, while archaeologists and historians try to clarify the origin of human societies. In the distant past, however, before any sciences existed, the beginnings of the world and of society were explained by MYTHOLOGY. The dictionary defines mythology as the myths dealing with the gods, demigods, and legendary heroes of a particular people. 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The organisational behaviour of team work in oranisation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3281 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION The assignment brings out the discussion over the organisational behaviour in life experience of team work in organisation or in classroom activities. Organisational behaviour in a team work plays a vital role and it is the topic has been discussed for a very long time and now nearly everyone knows about its concepts. Simply the organisations wont perform but the one person or many people. When it comes to organisations there should be a team work and perform individuals cant perform whatever they want in an organization they have to form a team and perform individually as well as teams. So when forming a team, organizational behaviour influences toward its success. Organizational Behaviours is the key aspect to maintain and enhance interaction levels amongst people in the organizations. Other attributes like leadership, motivation, decision making, openness to discuss problems, challenge-initiative is all in the base concept of Organizationa l behaviour to help the business achieve its strategic and in some business objectives. The proper definition of organizational behaviour with its understanding and management has resulted in development of few key offshoots to the concept of Organizational behaviours In my view a personality behaviour means how can we describe a person, how this person differences from the others behaviour, how we can measure the characteristics and differences. Psychometrics is also the most important related to the assessment and measurement of the personality, aptitude, intelligence. It is like the unique character of the individual and measure and understands the differences between the individuals. I think the term itself indicates the properties of behaviour which are both enduring and set the individual apart from others. These properties concern the individuals typical ways of coping with life. I am going to explain a few words about the group because it will explain the importance of individual in the group. The group may spend a lot of time on the each stage, but some groups never reaching the final stages because the personality and levels of dominance of each member may play a large part in the failure or success of the group and its ability to progress through the different stages, the time goes by changes occur, such as new members joining the group or old members leaving the group may re-enter the cycle and begin the development of the process all over again. In this assignment i am going to use the Leadership theory and Motivation Maslows theory. These theories are best suitable for my opinions or views that are raised in my experience and i like those theories a lot so the two theories are chosen. Let me start with those theories Leadership theory A simple definition of leadership is that leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common goal. Leadership is one of the most hotly debated topics in managem ent studies, social psychology and organisational psychology (Pfeiffer 1993). Despite the depth and breadth of debate concerning leadership effectiveness, it remains an elusive construct. As a result, researchers and practitioners have not reached a consensus on a true and concise definition that represents an accurate depiction of effective leadership in all situations and possibilities. The leadership is one of the effective concepts and well defined as: Treat people with politeness, respect and dignity and in doing so create a strong role model for others to follow. Building a reputation of fairness gives you a buffer against the times when the policy is wrong or you behave badly Gratton (2000:206) According to Nathan F. Iannone, leadership can be defined as the art of influencing, directing, guiding, and controlling others in such a way as to obtain their willing obedience, confidence, respect and loyal cooperation in accomplishment of an objective. Leadership is abo ut the future and about how do I tap into the group orientation (into what everybody shares). According to Jago (1982) the quality and the qualified, good leaders are not born instead they are made with the influenza ion of the training and the self-assessment, developing skills by improvising others. The natural people ability is also evaluated as a measure of walk their talk. The fascination of the leadership is much higher in terms of the charismatic leader. The leadership based on this charismatic model is really being focused towards the vision and also the ability and the talents are naturally born and also termed as gift. The natural leader adapts the tapping of their inner resources and also natural leaders are more often generalist (Stonefield, 1992:3). The leadership theory based on this contingency model states that there is no particular model of leadership which suits as appropriate in all times of situation. The variables are the basic elements and the prelimi nary components which determine the success rather than the leadership style which we intend to follow or insist. The leadership has a quality in order to follow the vital roles and also in order to perform the action depending and assessing the situation through various means (Cherry, 2010). The trait approach to personality is one of the major theoretical areas in the study of personality. The trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed broad dispositions. Consider how you would describe the personality of a close friend. Chances are that you would list a number of traits, such as outgoing, kind and even-tempered. A trait can be thought of as a relatively stable characteristic that causes individuals to behave in certain ways. Unlike many other theories of personality, such as psychoanalytic or humanistic theories, the trait approach to personality is focused on differences between individuals. The combination and interaction of various traits forms a perso nality that is unique to each individual. Trait theory is focused on identifying and measuring these individual personality characteristics. According to Offer Mann, Hanges and Day (2001) much of the discourse on the internal characteristics of leadership over recent years has focused on values and ethics. They argue that disillusionment and a lack of confidence in political leadership have been generated by the particular values that political leaders use to motivate their actions. As a result, Offermann, Hanges and Day (2001) claim that the world is more aware of the importance that values play in leadership effectiveness and success. In addition, it has been shown that particular types of leaders attract different followers depending on their value types (Ehrhart Klein 2001). McShane (2001) argues that in order to motivate, influence, be liked and respected, a leaders values need to align themselves with those of their employees and to reflect integrity, honesty, compassion a nd assertiveness. The contingency leadership is one of the effective leadership techniques and also has an ability to act as a vital tool in establishing the focus on variables in an environment in order to determine the situations which really opt for our behaviour in any kind of situation. The leadership theory based on this contingency model states that there is no particular model of leadership which suits as appropriate in all times of situation. The variables are the basic elements and the preliminary components which determine the success rather than the leadership style which we intend to follow or insist. The leadership has a quality in order to follow the vital roles and also in order to perform the action depending and assessing the situation through various means (Cherry, 2010). My definition of Leadership is being able to: inspire others, motivate, set a vision, communicate, respect others, and lead by example. A leader must have an honest understanding of who the y are, what they know, and what they are capable of. To be successful person you have to convince your followers, not yourself or your superiors. In my opinion this can build confidence in your followers in their faith in you to be able to lead. Followers Different person require different styles of leadership. For example, a company I was working requires more supervision than an experienced employee. A person who lacks motivation requires a different approach than anyone with a high degree of motivation. You must know your people! The fundamental starting point is having a good understanding of human nature, such as needs, emotions, and motivation. You must come to know your employees be, know, and do attributes. Communication Communication is the exchange and flow of information and ideas from one person to another person; it involves a sender transmitting an idea, information, or feeling to a receive. What and how you communicate either builds or harms the relationsh ip between you and your employees. Situation Situations are different from all time. Leader is an individual who can use different leadership styles based on the situations .decide the best course of action and the leadership style needed for each situation. For example, you may need to confront an employee for inappropriate behaviour, but if the confrontation is too late or too early, too harsh or too weak, then the results may prove ineffective. Also note that the situation normally has a greater effect on a leaders action than his or her traits. This is because while traits may have an impressive stability over a period of time, they have little consistency across situations (Mischel, 1968). This is why a number of leadership scholars think the Process Theory of Leadership is a more accurate than the Trait Theory of Leadership. Every organisation is subdivided into two different categories such as formal and informal. The organisation when seen as external spectator i t appears to be formal with its will defined mission statement, policies and procedure and organisation structure charts, but this is just the tip of the great iceberg floating underneath in the form of informal organisation which a manger has to face. This informal organisation includes informal leaders which have no formal authority given by organisation but they have their influence on many employees, to maintain good relation with such informal leaders as sometimes they can help in getting things done. Internally organisation is subdivided into many groups based on their nature of job, their ethnicity, their culture, their language having their own norms and sentiments managers need to identify such groups and make consistent effort to maintain peace in groups by serving the role of mediator, for smooth running of organisation. Organisation consist of another route of power which can be said as counter organisation, that can be seen in the form of labour unions which are formed to keep check on organisation and make sure that profit hungry organisation dont exploit them. Such counter organisations are needed to be handled with great care. It can be said informal organisations are formed by the people of organisation to satisfaction of their cultural needs and a sense of personal identity and personal belonging. It also provides means to highlight deficiencies in the formal organisation such as excess time taken to complete a task. MASLOW THOERY OF MOTIVATION Motivation is a fundamental driving force behind people behaviour and performance. When the research was done to explain different aspects of motivation from an organisational behavioural perspective many theories or models used to describe the topic of motivation basically it is described as the extent to which persistent effort is directed towards a goal. It is very important to know about different types of motivation theories and their implementation in a group or organisation. These motivati on theories specify the kinds of needs people has and condition in which they would want to exemplify these needs. Motivation can be internal or external. Example of external motivation is Deadlines. The fear of losing a contract or of not finishing a job on time you started is an example of internal motivation. Both internal and external motivation can be equally powerful. Why i am using this Maslows theory to reflect on my behaviour in group situations. This theory comes under content theories of motivation. There is significant relationship between behaviour and motivation particularly between group and individuals. Motivations of group have a serious impact on individual behaviour likewise the motivation of an individual can have serious impact on group. Abraham Maslow theory was proposed by Dr. Abraham Maslow in 1943, this theory is general overview of human motivation. His theory strikes a distinctive sense of balance between biological and social needs that integrates m any motivational concepts. According to Maslow individual needs are set in a hierarchy, and everyone must satisfy their basic needs before they can satisfy their higher needs. The hierarchy is many times portrayed, as a pyramid beginning with physiological needs at the bottom and self-actualization at the top of this pyramid. The needs at the lower level are the most basic. These basic needs must be satisfy well before an individual can become concern with the higher needs like physiological needs, safety needs, security needs, social needs, law and affection, esteem needs. These needs must be satisfied before a person can act unselfishly. He called these needs deficiency needs. As long as we are motivated to satisfy these craving, people are moving toward growth, self-actualization, satisfying needs is healthy, which preventing gratification makes us sick or act evilly. Gareth Morgan suggests that employees are people with complex needs that must be satisfied if they are to lead perform effectively in a work place. Employees perform best when they are motivated by task, which will earn them some reward that satisfies their personal needs. Abraham Maslows theory of motivation most widely famous as hierarchy of needs states that human needs when arranged in form of hierarchy, ascending from lowest to the highest, as soon as need at lower level gets completed, the need at next level servers to be a motivator. Maslow divided human needs into five main categories such as physiological which include basic needs for sustaining life like food, water, shelter and sleep. According to Abraham Maslow there are five different levels in hierarchy of needs. Self-actualizing Needs Self-actualizing Needs is the highest level of Maslows hierarchy of need. People are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concerned with the opinions of others and interested fulfilling their potential. Esteem Needs Esteem needs include the things that reflect on self- esteem, personal worth, social recognition and accomplishment. Social Needs Social needs include belonging, love and affection. Maslow considered these needs to be less basic than physiological and security needs. Relationships such as friendships, love, romantic attachments and families help fulfil this need for companionship and acceptance, as does involvement in social, community or religious groups. Security Needs Security needs include safety and security. Security needs are important for survival, but they are not as demanding as the physiological needs. Examples of security needs include a desire for steady employment, health insurance, safe neighbourhoods and shelter from the environment. Physiological Needs A physiological need is low needs. These include the most basic needs that are vital to survival, such as the need for water, air, food and sleep. Maslow believed that these needs are the most basic and instinctive needs in the hierarchy because all nee ds become secondary until these physiological needs are met. Maslow was correct when he said that one need has to be fulfilled before we can move to the next one. Without sufficient amount sleep I wouldnt be able to think of nothing but sleep. Also if I am hungry food will be the only thing on my mind. But because each day I satisfy these basic needs I am able to think about other things because these needs are no longer controlling my thoughts. Next priority is given to security which includes freedom from physical danger and other fears like losing job, property, food, or shelter. Since people are social animals they need to belong, to be accepted by others, hence acceptance third in the list of needs. Once people satisfy their need to belong esteem needs emerge in the form of satisfactions as power, prestige, status and self-esteem and at last when all the other needs are satisfied need for self-actualization which is the desire to maximize ones potential and achieve someth ing. Applying this theory many organisations where suggested to motivate their employees by monetary gains or assuring security of their job. , Koontz, H, Weihrich (2008), Morgan (2006). There was a research conducted by Douglas T Hall and Khalil Nongame which studied needs of hierarchy involving a group of managers over a time span of five years. They found that there was no strong evidence of hierarchy, as managers get promoted in organisation their physiological needs tend to decrease, while on other hand needs for self-actualization tend to increase H, Koontz , H, Weihrich(2008). Upcoming flaws of Maslows theory the process theory of motivation stated, with the study of ones decision making process and determining how individual behaviour is energised, directed and maintained. The major process theory of motivation includes expectancy theory, equity theory, goal setting theory and reinforcement theory. In my classroom activities I am relating this theorys to my classroom a ctivities in a group. When considered my experience in a group situation once while doing a group presentation in collage we all are five people. We had a 20 days time to presentation and from first day we all thought to meet at my place but no one turn up this happened many time every one say some other reason. It happened for all 19 day only 1 day left to submit the presentation than I thought to divide the task to my group members. Each one is assign a separate task and the task should complete before the particular schedule time. With this I emerge as leader that made me influenza ion as Leadership. Not only Leadership but also motivation In order to sleep tonight I have to complete my task of presentation before sleep. I need to satisfy my physiological need that is to sleep in time. I should complete the presentation before night CONCLUSION According to the trait theory the question arises of weather a leader is born or developed. There is no defined answer as many theor ists have different answers to this. Understanding the concepts from above of motivation its rewards systems as to how useful it is for a leader to understand how it can be utilized in getting work done from people, decision making and its importance in growing more efficient, managing change and adapting quickly to it, understanding human perceptions and how they affect management, understanding the value of power in an organization without which a leader is nothing, politics and control and the other factors finally lead towards the understanding that leaders are developed. Many individuals may be born with the skill to be a leader this does not prove that he grows up to be an effective leader. However he can develop the ability to become one. Experience and the urge to learn can help one become an efficient leader. According to my understanding a person might be born with natural abilities to become a leader. This assignment is very useful to assess my past behaviour to the pr esent behaviour and ways to develop the behaviour and to assess the performance by using these theories in a group. These are the two oldest theories what I used because older principles are the basic for anything i.e. the applications should follows the basic principle. Only few people are reached the self-actualization concept in the Leadership theory and Maslows theory. I am very much willing to taste that step. So I am going to putting my effort in this way and also looking the ways to develop. In my opinion if the group activities are conducted from the child hood they will be a very useful to the individual to improve their personality, behaviour and from that the concept of Leadership and motivation skills will also improve for the betterment of the future. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The organisational behaviour of team work in oranisation" essay for you Create order

Uncle Tom’s Impact on 19th Century America Free Essays

For slaves, the passing of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 ensured their doom in the perpetual cruelty of the slave market. This Act protected the rights of slaveholders, requiring – by law – that all slaves who escaped to the North be returned to their original owners. This action by the United States government contributed significantly to the novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe. We will write a custom essay sample on Uncle Tom’s Impact on 19th Century America or any similar topic only for you Order Now The novel was the first of its kind to express and fully embrace the idea that slavery should not be condoned. At the time this text was published, many Northerners took the pacifist approach by simply accepting the idea that â€Å"one person couldn’t change anything†, like St. Clare in the novel. Once this book was introduced to the Northern population, not only did it sell like hot cakes, but also it opened citizens’ eyes to the actual horrors occurring in the South, and under their same Constitution. They saw that merciless slave owners and continuous beatings left slaves with little hope and little faith. The sympathetic portrayal of slaves throughout the South lead many Northerners to side with the extreme abolitionists, which would soon create further tensions among the North and the South and eventually cause the friction prompting Southern states to secede and begin the Civil War. This progression of events inspired Abraham Lincoln’s famous quote to Harriet Beecher Stowe when he met her, â€Å"So you’re the little woman who wrote the book that caused this great war? † Although the original intent of this novel was to educate the unaware masses, Stowe fell into some stereotypes of black men. When â€Å"Black Sam† received the order from Mrs. Shelby to slow down the retrieval of Eliza so that she may escape, it is clear that he does not care whether Eliza gets to freedom, but is purely interested in whether, if he succeeds, he can take over the spot of â€Å"trusted slave† that Tom filled. Stowe basically describes him as the â€Å"comic† black figure. A â€Å"comic† black figure is drawn into the book for the amusement of the white audience, which, in itself is a horrifying thought. This portrayal shows him grinning dumbly and failing to use large words correctly. He also is screeching in broad dialect and â€Å"seems ready to break into an comic dance†. It seems as if, especially with the inclusion of the cartoon, Stowe was playing into overdrawn racial stereotypes of the day, and implying that only some slaves had the capacity to function normally in society while others could not. Although Stowe mocks Haley (the slave catcher and seller) in this chapter, it seems as if the representation of the average slave undermines the positive image she is attempting to draw for slaves such as Uncle Tom, Eliza and George Harris. Some points made in the novel were ironic to me. I thought it was interesting how being a â€Å"white n—-â€Å" was something undesirable in the slave community. When a large slave comes up to Adolph and said â€Å"Law, now, boys! dis yer’s one o’ yer white n—–s, — kind o’ cream color, ye know, scented! † The situation slaves were put them made them resent white people to such a degree that it was terrible to be a â€Å"white n—–â€Å". It is ironic also that they themselves used the term â€Å"white† with the derogatory term â€Å"nigger† to insult someone n their own community. One might have thought – given the ability whites had to roam free and easily – that being white was a good thing. Of course, being called â€Å"white† had more to do with the fact that these slaves associated â€Å"white n—-â€Å" as a portrayal of their oppressor, and by calling one of their own a â€Å"white n – – – – â€Å" they were lashing out at their oppressors and anyone who tried to emulate them. The idea of a â€Å"white n—-â€Å" also brings to mind how close these slaves are to their owners making the reader question â€Å"How different are these people that they can be considered property while I can be considered free? † No Doubt Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe had the power to turn average, every day, on the fence Americans into full-fledged abolitionists. Stowe was able to accomplish this by relating the oppressed slaves to people in every day life, whether it was through Eliza’s attachment to her son, or Tom’s embrace religion in the toughest of times. Stowe also shows that a girl who grew up in the heart of the South could show compassion for people she was raised to believe were so beneath her and so horrid. Her strength and faith – and her recognition that the key was to see slaves as people – also influenced those around her. Stowe’s fictional tale of Uncle Tom not only touched the heart of Northerners, it also touched Southerners, and – most importantly – it contributed to the commencement of a great civil war; one that would end with the emancipation of slaves everywhere. How to cite Uncle Tom’s Impact on 19th Century America, Essay examples

Sibling Rivalry as a Predominant Theme in The Book of Genesis free essay sample

This paper analyzes sibling rivalry relationships, drawing on specific case studies taken from the Book of Genesis. The following paper analyzes sibling rivalry relationships from two perspectives of analysis: that of structuralism and that of emphasizing the importance of the concept of sacrifice, drawing on the relationships of Jacob and Esau, Cain and Abel and Leah and Rachels, taken from the Book of Genesis. From the paper: One of the predominant themes in the Book of Genesis is that of sibling rivalry: We see in the pairs of Jacob and Esau, Cain and Abel and Leah and Rachel a series of oppositions presented to us in the form of these sibling relationships. This paper analyzes those relationships from two different perspectives. The first of these is the Structuralist one, which allows us to see these sibling relationships within the broader context of sacred and folk writings in a number of cultures and the second is within the framework of sacrifice as the ancient Jews understood this concept. We will write a custom essay sample on Sibling Rivalry as a Predominant Theme in The Book of Genesis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page